The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening trophy on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired two times late to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 years.